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HTML Entities

Reserved characters in HTML must be replaced with character entities.

HTML Entities

Some characters are reserved in HTML.
It is not possible to use the less than (<) or greater than (>) signs in your text, because the browser will mix them with tags.
To actually display reserved characters, we must use character entities in the HTML source code.
A character entity looks like this:

entity_name;
OR
&#entity_number;

o display a less than sign we must write: &lt; or &#60;
RemarkTip: The advantage of using an entity name, instead of a number, is that the name is easier to remember. However, the disadvantage is that browsers may not support all entity names (the support for entity numbers is very good).

Non-breaking Space

A common character entity used in HTML is the non-breaking space (&nbsp;).
Browsers will always truncate spaces in HTML pages. If you write 10 spaces in your text, the browser will remove 9 of them, before displaying the page. To add spaces to your text, you can use the &nbsp; character entity.

HTML Useful Character Entities

Note: Entity names are case sensitive!
ResultDescriptionEntity NameEntity Number
 non-breaking space&nbsp;&#160;
<less than&lt;&#60;
>greater than&gt;&#62;
&ampersand&amp;&#38;
¢cent&cent;&#162;
£pound&pound;&#163;
¥yen&yen;&#165;
euro&euro;&#8364;
§section&sect;&#167;
©copyright&copy;&#169;
®registered trademark&reg;&#174;
trademark&trade;&#8482;

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