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Posted in | at 6:08 PM

HTML Links

Links are found in nearly all Web pages. Links allow users to click their way from page to page.

HTML Hyperlinks (Links)

The HTML <a> tag defines a hyperlink.
A hyperlink (or link) is a word, group of words, or image that you can click on to jump to another document.
When you move the cursor over a link in a Web page, the arrow will turn into a little hand.
The most important attribute of the <a> element is the href attribute, which indicates the link’s destination.
By default, links will appear as follows in all browsers:
  • An unvisited link is underlined and blue
  • A visited link is underlined and purple
  • An active link is underlined and red

HTML Link Syntax

The HTML code for a link is simple. It looks like this:
<a href="url">Link text</a>
The href attribute specifies the destination of a link.

Example

<a href="http://www.w3schools.com/">Visit W3Schools</a>

Tip: The "Link text" doesn't have to be text. It can be an image or any other HTML element.

HTML Links - The target Attribute

The target attribute specifies where to open the linked document.
The example below will open the linked document in a new browser window or a new tab:

Example

<a href="http://www.4wschools.blogspot.com/" target="_blank">Visit 4wSchools!</a>

HTML Links - The id Attribute

The id attribute can be used to create a bookmark inside an HTML document.
Tip: Bookmarks are not displayed in any special way. They are invisible to the reader.

Example

An anchor with an id inside an HTML document:

<a id="tips">Useful Tips Section</a>
Create a link to the "Useful Tips Section" inside the same document:
<a href="#tips">Visit the Useful Tips Section</a>
Or, create a link to the "Useful Tips Section" from another page:
<a href="http://www.4wschools.blogspot.com/html_links.htm#tips">
Visit the Useful Tips Section</a>

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Posted in | at 6:00 PM

HTML Text Formatting

This text is bold

This text is italic

This is computer output

This is subscript and superscript

HTML Formatting Tags

HTML uses tags like <b> and <i> for formatting output, like bold or italic text.
These HTML tags are called formatting tags (look at the bottom of this page for a complete reference).

Often <strong> renders as <b>, and <em> renders as <i>.

However, there is a difference in the meaning of these tags:

<b> or <i> defines bold or italic text only.

<strong> or <em> means that you want the text to be rendered in a way that the user understands as "important". Today, all major browsers render strong as bold and em as italics. However, if a browser one day wants to make a text highlighted with the strong feature, it might be cursive for example and not bold!

HTML Text Formatting Tags

TagDescription
<b>Defines bold text
<em>Defines emphasized text 
<i>Defines a part of text in an alternate voice or mood
<small>Defines smaller text
<strong>Defines important text
<sub>Defines subscripted text
<sup>Defines superscripted text
<ins>Defines inserted text
<del>Defines deleted text

HTML "Computer Output" Tags

TagDescription
<code>Defines computer code text
<kbd>Defines keyboard text 
<samp>Defines sample computer code
<var>Defines a variable
<pre>Defines preformatted text

HTML Citations, Quotations, and Definition Tags

TagDescription
<abbr>Defines an abbreviation or acronym
<address>Defines contact information for the author/owner of a document
<bdo>Defines the text direction
<blockquote>Defines a section that is quoted from another source
<q>Defines an inline (short) quotation
<cite>Defines the title of a work
<dfn>Defines a definition term

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Posted in | at 5:55 PM

HTML Paragraphs

HTML documents are divided into paragraphs.

HTML Paragraphs

Paragraphs are defined with the <p> tag.

Example

<p>This is a paragraph</p>
<p>This is another paragraph</p>

Note: Browsers automatically add an empty line before and after a paragraph.

he example above will work in most browsers, but don't rely on it. Forgetting the end tag can produce unexpected results or errors.
Note: Future version of HTML will not allow you to skip end tags.

HTML Line Breaks

Use the <br> tag if you want a line break (a new line) without starting a new paragraph:

Example

<p>This is<br>a para<br>graph with line breaks</p>

The <br> element is an empty HTML element. It has no end tag.

HTML Output - Useful Tips

You cannot be sure how HTML will be displayed. Large or small screens, and resized windows will create different results.
With HTML, you cannot change the output by adding extra spaces or extra lines in your HTML code.
The browser will remove extra spaces and extra lines when the page is displayed. Any number of lines count as one line, and any number of spaces count as one space.

HTML Tag Reference

W3Schools' tag reference contains additional information about HTML elements and their attributes.
TagDescription
<p>Defines a paragraph
<br>Inserts a single line break

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